Isikhokelo Sokugqibela se-USB4 Ukusuka kwi-40Gbps Speed, Dynamic Bandwidth ukuya kwi-Full-Function One-Cable Connection
Ukususela oko kwavela i-USB4, besipapasha amanqaku amaninzi kunye namakhonkco okwabelana ngolwazi olufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthandwa kuye kwanda kakhulu kangangokuba abantu kuyo yonke indawo babuza ngemarike ye-USB4. Ukususela kwixesha lokuqala le-USB 1.0 kunye ne-interface yokudlulisa idatha ye-1.5Mbps, i-USB idlule kwizizukulwana ezininzi. Kukho iinkcukacha ezininzi ezifana ne-USB 1.0, i-USB 2.0, kunye ne-USB 3.0, kwaye iimilo ze-interface kunye nezicwangciso zoyilo zibandakanya i-USB Type-A, i-USB Type-B, kunye ne-USB Type-C eqhelekileyo ngoku, njl. I-USB4 ayinaso nje kuphela isantya sokudlulisa esikhawulezayo kodwa ikwanaso nokuhambelana okungcono (ukuxhasa ukuhambelana ngasemva, oko kukuthi, ukuhambelana neenguqulelo ezisezantsi). Ingadibanisa phantse zonke izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye izitshaje. Ukuba ifowuni yakho, ikhompyutha, imonitha, iprinta, njl. zonke zixhasa i-USB4, ngoko ngokwethiyori, udinga kuphela intambo yedatha exhasa i-USB4 ukudibanisa izixhobo, okwenza iofisi yasekhaya ibe lula ngakumbi. Akusekho mfuneko yokuba uthenge iintambo ezahlukeneyo zokuguqula i-interface. Ke ngoko, i-USB4 inokwenza indlela yethu yokusebenza ibe yahlukahlukene kwaye ilula. Ukongeza, olunye uphawu oluphawulekayo lwe-USB4 kukuba kulindeleke ukuba isetyenziswe kwizixhobo ezisemaphethelweni ezixhasa ukubalwa kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa.
01 USB4 vs. USB3.2
I-USB 3.2 ngumgangatho omtsha okhutshwe yi-USB-IF. Yaziswa kwasekuqaleni kukaSeptemba 2017. Ngokwembono yobugcisa, i-USB 3.2 luphuculo kunye nokongeza kwi-USB 3.1. Utshintsho oluphambili kukuba isantya sokudlulisa idatha sinyuswe saya kwi-20 Gbps, kwaye ujongano lusalandelaUhlobo-CIsicwangciso esasekwa kwixesha le-USB 3.1, asisaxhasi ii-interfaces ze-Type-A kunye ne-Type-B. Zombini i-USB4 kunye ne-USB3.2 zisebenzisa ii-interfaces ze-Type-C, kodwa i-USB4 iyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi. I-USB4 ixhasa ukuhanjiswa ngaxeshanye kunye nokwamkelwa kwe-host-to-host, i-PCI Express® (PCIe®), i-DisplayPort audio/video, kunye nedatha ye-USB nge-interface ye-Type-C efanayo kwikhonkco elifanayo. Ii-hosts ezimbini ze-USB4 zinokutshintshiselana ngeepakethi zedatha ye-IP nge-tunnel ye-host-to-host; i-DisplayPort kunye ne-USB tunnel transmission zithetha ukuba i-audio, ividiyo, idatha, kunye namandla zinokudluliselwa nge-interface efanayo, ekhawuleza kakhulu kunokusebenzisa i-USB3.2. Ukongeza, ukuhanjiswa kwe-PCIe tunnel kunokubonelela nge-bandwidth ephezulu, i-latency ephantsi, kwaye kufezekise i-throughput ephezulu yokugcina amandla amakhulu, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa obusecaleni, kunye nezinye iimeko zokusetyenziswa.
I-USB4 idibanisa iindlela ezimbini zokudlulisa kunye nokwamkela kwi-interface enye ye-USB-C, ngesantya esifikelela kwi-20 Gbps kunye40 Gbps, kwaye itshaneli nganye inokuba nesantya sedatha esimalunga ne-10 Gbps okanye i-20 Gbps. Kubaphuhlisi beetshiphusi, le datha ibaluleke kakhulu. Kufuneka bazi ukuba kwimo yeThunderbolt3, izinga ledatha kwitshaneli nganye yokudlulisa nokwamkela yi-10.3125 Gbps okanye i-20.625 Gbps. Kwimo ye-USB yesiqhelo, itshaneli enye yokudlulisa/yokwamkela isebenza ngesantya se5 Gbps (USB3.0) or 10 Gbps (USB3.1), ngelixa iitshaneli ezimbini ze-USB3.2 zisebenza ngesantya se-10 Gbps.
Ngokuphathelele ukuqina, izinto ezithwala amandla ze-Type-C interface ikakhulu zi-external metal casing, enamandla kwaye ayinakonakala kakhulu. I-central data channel ikhuselwe yisigqubuthelo esimile okwe-arc, okwenza kube nzima ukonakala. Iimfuneko zoyilo zibonisa ukubaUhlobo lwe-C lwe-USBinokumelana neeplagi ezingaphezulu kwe-10,000 kunye nokukhupha iiplagi ngaphandle kokonakala. Ukuba ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwiiplagi ezi-3 kunye nokukhupha iiplagi ngosuku, i-interface ye-USB Type-C ingasetyenziswa ubuncinane iminyaka eli-10.
02 Ukusasazwa okuKhawulezayo kwe-USB4
Emva kokukhutshwa ngokusemthethweni kweprotocol ye-USB 3.2, intlangano ye-USB yakhawuleza yabhengeza iinkcukacha ze-USB 4 ngexesha elifutshane. Ngokungafaniyo nemigangatho yangaphambili efana naleI-USB 3.2, ezazisekelwe kwiprotokholi ye-USB, i-USB 4 ayisamkeli iinkcukacha ze-USB kwinqanaba layo elisisiseko kodwa endaweni yoko isebenzisa iprotokholi yeThunderbolt 3 evezwe yi-Intel ngokupheleleyo. Olu lolona tshintsho lukhulu kuphuhliso lwe-USB kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo. Xa usebenzisa isixhumi se-Type-C kuqhagamshelo, imisebenzi ye-USB4 ithatha indawo ye-USB 3.2, kwaye i-USB 2.0 ingasebenza ngaxeshanye. I-USB 3.2 Enhanced SuperSpeed ihlala isisiseko sokudluliselwa "kwedatha ye-USB" kumgca we-USB 4. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-USB4 kunye ne-USB 3.2 ulele ekubeni i-USB4 ijolise kuqhagamshelo. I-USB4 yenzelwe iitonela zokudlulisa idatha ngokudibeneyo ukusuka kwiiprotokholi ezininzi kujongano olunye lomzimba. Ke ngoko, isantya kunye nomthamo we-USB4 unokwabelwana ngokuguquguqukayo. I-USB4 inokuxhasa ezinye iiprotokholi zokubonisa okanye unxibelelwano lwe-host-to-host ngelixa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kuqhubeka. Ukongeza, i-USB4 yonyuse isantya sonxibelelwano ukusuka kwi-20 Gbps (Gen2x2) ye-USB 3.2 ukuya kwi40 Gbps (Gen3x2)kwisakhiwo esinye esineendlela ezimbini, esineendlela ezimbini ezilula.
I-USB4 ayiphumezi nje kuphela i-USB ekhawulezayo (esekelwe kwi-USB3), kodwa ikwachaza neendlela zokubonisa ezisekelwe kwi-DisplayPort kunye neendlela zokulayisha/ukugcina ezisekelwe kwi-PCIe.
Umba womboniso: Iprotokholi ye-display tunnel ye-USB4 isekelwe kwi-DisplayPort 1.4a. I-DP 1.4a ngokwayo iyayixhasa8k kwi-60Hz or I-4k kwi-120Hz. I-USB4 host kufuneka ixhase i-DisplayPort kuzo zonke ii-downstream ports. Ukuba usebenzisa i-USB 4 port ukuhambisa ividiyo kunye nedatha ngaxeshanye, i-port iya kwabela i-bandwidth ngokufanelekileyo. Ke ngoko, ukuba ividiyo ifuna kuphela i-20% ye-bandwidth ukuqhuba i-monitor yakho ye-1080p (ekwayi-hub), i-80% eseleyo yevidiyo ingasetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iifayile ukusuka kwi-SSD yangaphandle.
Ngokuphathelele ii-PCIe tunnels: Inkxaso ye-PCIe yi-USB4 hosts ayinyanzelekanga. Ii-USB4 hubs kufuneka zixhase ii-PCIe tunnels kwaye kufuneka kubekho iswitshi yangaphakathi ye-PCIe.
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkcukacha ze-USB 4 kukukwazi ukulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo ubungakanani bezixhobo ezikhoyo xa uthumela ividiyo kunye nedatha ngoqhagamshelo olufanayo. Ngoko ke, masithi unomlinganiselo ophezulu weI-USB 4 eyi-40 Gbpskwaye bakhuphela iifayile ezinkulu kwi-SSD yangaphandle baze bakhuphele kwisikrini se-4K. Masithi umthombo wevidiyo ufuna malunga ne-12.5 Gbps. Kule meko, i-USB 4 iya kunika i-27.5 Mbps eseleyo kwi-backup drive.
I-USB-C ingenisa "imo eyahlukileyo", ekwaziyo ukudlulisa ividiyo yeDisplayPort/HDMI ukusuka kwizibuko le-Type-C. Nangona kunjalo, iinkcukacha ze-3.x zangoku aziboneleli ngendlela elungileyo yokwahlulahlula izixhobo. Ngokutsho kukaSaunders, imo ye-DisplayPort alt inokwahlula ngokuchanekileyo i-bandwidth phakathi kwedatha ye-USB kunye nedatha yevidiyo ibe yi-50/50, ngelixa imo ye-HDMI alt ingavumeli ukusetyenziswa kwedatha ye-USB ngaxeshanye.
I-USB4 ichaza umgangatho we-40Gbps, ovumela ukwabelana nge-bandwidth ngendlela eguquguqukayo ukuze intambo yedatha enye ikwazi ukufezekisa imisebenzi emininzi. Nge-USB4, kunokwenzeka ukudlulisa i-PCIe ngaxeshanye kunye nokubonisa idatha kumgca omnye, kunye nemisebenzi ye-USB yendabuko, kwaye inike namandla (nge-USB PD) ngendlela elula kakhulu. Kwixesha elizayo, uninzi lwezixhobo ezikwi-peripheral, nokuba ziinethiwekhi ezikhawulezayo, amakhadi emizobo angaphandle, iziboniso ezicacileyo, izixhobo zokugcina ezikhawulezayo ezinkulu, okanye umatshini omnye kunye nomnye umatshini, zinokudityaniswa nge-interface yohlobo lwe-C. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ezi zixhobo zisebenzisa i-USB4 Hub, ungaqhagamshela izixhobo ezingaphezulu kuthotho okanye amasebe avela kwezi zixhobo, nto leyo elula kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-20-2025
